ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื”

ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ยท ืžื—ืงืจ ืขืฆืžืื™ ยท ื™ื•ื ื™ 2026
ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ยท ื›ืœื™ ืžื˜ื‘ื—

ื”ืžื—ื‘ืช ืฉืœืš ืฉืจื•ื˜ื”? ืกื“ืง ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ืžืฉื—ืจืจ ื›-9,100 ื—ืœืงื™ืงื™ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง. ื™ืฉืจ ืœืื•ื›ืœ.

ืœื, ื–ื” ืœื ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื™ื•ื•ืงื™. ื–ื• ืžื“ื™ื“ื” ืžืžื—ืงืจ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื™ ืž-2022, ื•ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš. ืขืฆืจื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื•ืœื›ื™ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืช ืฉืœืš. ืื ื™ืฉ ืฉืจื™ื˜ื•ืช, ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ื–ื”. ื‘ืžื˜ื‘ื—ื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ืคืชืจื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื. ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื ื•.
ื“ืคื ื” ื’.
ื“ืคื ื” ื’. โœ“ ื›ืชื‘ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช
ืคื•ืจืกื: ื™ื•ื ื™ 2026 ยท ื–ืžืŸ ืงืจื™ืื”: 5 ื“ืงื•ืช
ื™ืœื“ ืื•ื›ืœ ืืจื•ื—ืช ื‘ื•ืงืจ

ื’ื ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™. ื‘ื“ืงืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžื—ื‘ืช ืฉืœื™, ืจืื™ืชื™ ืฉืจื™ื˜ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื–ื• ืœื ืืฉืžืชื™. ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืืžืจ ืœื ื•. ื–ื” ืœื ืจืฉื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืืจื™ื–ื”.

ืืช ืœื ื”ืืฉืžื”. ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืœื™ืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืืช ื–ื”. ืืžื”ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื’ื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืืช ืื•ืชื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื”, ื•ืจื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื•ืš. ื’ื ื”ืŸ ืœื ื™ื“ืขื•. ื’ื ื”ืŸ ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื’ื™ืœื•.
Johns Hopkins University ยท ืžื—ืงืจ ืžืฆื•ื˜ื˜ โ† ืงืจืื™ ืืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ

99% ืžื”ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื PFOA ื‘ื“ื ืฉืœื”ื. ืœื ืžื’ื™ืœ 5 ื•ืœื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื™ืคื”. ืžืœื™ื“ื”. ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื ืžืฆืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื ืฉืœ ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืจืง ืื•ืชื. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื’ืจื ืœื™ ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ื•ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืืฆืœื™ ื‘ืžื˜ื‘ื—.

ื”ื ื” ื—ืžืฉ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื’ืจืžื• ืœื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžื—ื‘ืช ืฉื”ืžื˜ื‘ื—ื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืื” ืฉื ื”, ื•ืœืžื” ื‘-Cookit ืžืฆืืชื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืื•ืชื”.

ืกื™ื‘ื” 1 ืžืชื•ืš 5

ืžื” ืฉืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืืจื™ื–ื”. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘.

ืžื—ื‘ืช ื˜ืคืœื•ืŸ ืฉืจื•ื˜ื”

ื›ืฉืงื ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืžื—ื‘ืช ืฉืœืš, ืจืื™ืช "ืœืœื PFOA", "ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ", ืื•ืœื™ "ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”". ื ืฉืžืข ืžืกืคื™ืง. ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืืจื™ื–ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘.

Flinders University + University of Newcastle ยท ืžื—ืงืจ, 2022 โ† ืงืจืื™ ืืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ

ืกื“ืง ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ื˜ืคืœื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื—ื‘ืช ืžืฉื—ืจืจ ื›-9,100 ื—ืœืงื™ืงื™ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง. ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ืคื’ื•ืข: ืขื“ 2.3 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื—ืœืงื™ืงื™ ืžื™ืงืจื• ื•ื ื ื•-ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง. ื”ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ืžื“ื“ื• ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืฉื”ื ืžื“ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื•ื ื™ืงื•ื™ ื‘ื™ืชื™ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื: ืžืจื™ืช, ืกืงื•ื˜ืฉ', ืฉื˜ื™ืคื”. ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื, ื˜ืคืœื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ PFAS.

Ecology Center ยท ืžื—ืงืจ ืขืฆืžืื™, 2024 โ† ืงืจืื™ ืืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ืžืœื

ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉื‘ื“ืง ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื—ื‘ืชื•ืช ืžื”ืžื“ืคื™ื ื’ื™ืœื” ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืชื•ืช ื”ืžืกื•ืžื ื•ืช "ืœืœื PFOA" ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื›ื™ืœื•ืช PTFE, ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉืžื• ื”ื›ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื˜ืคืœื•ืŸ. PTFE ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžืžืฉืคื—ืช PFAS. ื”ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื’ืœื•ืช ื–ืืช ืขืœ ื”ืืจื™ื–ื”.

FDA ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ยท ืขืžื“ื” ืจืฉืžื™ืช โ† ืงืจืื™ ืืช ื”ืขืžื“ื” ื”ืจืฉืžื™ืช

ื—ื•ืžืจื™ PFAS ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืื•ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ื›ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ. ื‘-2022 ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”-FDA ืฉื ื™ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืจืžื•ืช PFAS ืžืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช. ื‘-2024 ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืฆื• ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื ื ื’ื“ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžื–ื•ื”ืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื.

ืกื™ื‘ื” 2 ืžืชื•ืš 5

ื’ื ื”ืงืจืžื™ืช "ื”ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื”" ืžืชืงืœืคืช ืžื”ืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืช.

ืžื—ื‘ืช ืงืจืžื™ืช ืžืชืงืœืคืช

ื”ืžื—ื‘ืช ื”ืงืจืžื™ืช ื ืจื›ืฉื” ื›ื™ ื ืฉืžืขื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืœื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื” ื›ืžื• ืคืชืจื•ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืคื•ืจืกื ื‘-2024 ื”ืจืื” ืชืžื•ื ื” ืื—ืจืช ืœื’ืžืจื™.

Ecology Center ยท "What's Cooking?" ยท ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ื™ ืžื—ื‘ืชื•ืช

ื—ื™ืžื•ื ืžืžื•ืฉืš ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื— ื›ืœื™ื ืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ื™ื ืงืจืžื™ื™ื ืชื•ืš ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืกืคื•ืจื™ื. ืžื” ืฉื ื—ืฉืฃ ืžืชื—ืชื™ื•: ื‘ืกื™ืก ืืœื•ืžื™ื ื™ื•ื ื•ืžืชื›ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื•ืช.

ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ: ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ืชืงืœืฃ ื”ื•ื ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉื ื›ื ืก ืœืื•ื›ืœ. ืื™ืŸ ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืฉืœื ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ: ืœื ื˜ืคืœื•ืŸ, ืœื ืงืจืžื™ ื•ืœื "ืื‘ืŸ". ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ืžื—ื‘ืช ืฉืœื ืžื›ื™ืœื” ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœ.
ืกื™ื‘ื” 3 ืžืชื•ืš 5

ื”ืžืชื›ืช ืฉื›ืœ ืžื˜ื‘ื— ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื”. ื•ืœื ื‘ืžืงืจื”.

ืžื—ื‘ืช ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช Cookit

ืชืฆื™ืฆื™ ืคืขื ืœืžื˜ื‘ื— ืฉืœ ืžืกืขื“ื”. ืœื ืชืžืฆืื™ ืฉื ืืฃ ืžื—ื‘ืช ื˜ืคืœื•ืŸ. ื”ืžื˜ื‘ื—ื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืžื”ื‘ื™ืกื˜ืจื• ื‘ืคืจื™ื– ื•ืขื“ ืžืกืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉืฃ ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ืžื‘ืฉืœื™ื ืขืœ ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื”: ืื•ืชื” ืžืฉืคื—ืช ืžืชื›ื•ืช ืฉืžืฉืžืฉืช ื’ื ืœื›ืœื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืœื ืžื’ื™ื‘ื” ืœื—ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ื‘ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืœื ืžื—ืœื—ืœืช, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ืฉื•ื ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืงืœืฃ. ืื™ืŸ PFAS. ืื™ืŸ PTFE. ืจืง ืžืชื›ืช.

ืื– ืžื” ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื "5 ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช", ื•ืœืžื” ื–ื” ืžืฉื ื” ื”ื›ืœ?

ืžื—ื‘ืช ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ื–ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืช ืžืชื›ืช ืื—ืช ื“ืงื”: ื”ืœื”ื‘ื” ืžื—ืžืžืช ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืื—ืช, ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉื•ืจืคืช, ื•ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื ื“ื‘ืง. ืžื—ื‘ืช ื”ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช ืฉืœ Cookit ื‘ื ื•ื™ื” ืื—ืจืช, ื›ืžื• ื”ืžื—ื‘ืชื•ืช ืฉืžืกืขื“ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืื™ืชืŸ:

ื—ืชืš ื”ืžื—ื‘ืช: 5 ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืžืชื›ืช ืžืœืื•ืช
๐Ÿณ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืฉืœืš
1 ยท ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ื‘ื“ืจื’ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ
ื”ืžืฉื˜ื— ืฉืคื•ื’ืฉ ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœ. ืืคืก ืฆื™ืคื•ื™, ืื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื™ืชืงืœืฃ
โ†โ†’
2โ€“4 ยท ืœื™ื‘ืช ืืœื•ืžื™ื ื™ื•ื ืžืฉื•ืœืฉืช
ื‘ื•ืœืขืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื ื•ืžืคื–ืจืช ืื•ืชื• ืื—ื™ื“, ื‘ืœื™ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืจื™ืคื”
5 ยท ื”ืฉืœื“ ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™
ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื™ื, ืžืชืื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ื›ื™ืจื™ื™ื
๐Ÿ”ฅ ื”ืœื”ื‘ื” ืžื—ืžืžืช ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืื—ืช, ื”ืœื™ื‘ื” ืžืคื–ืจืช ืื•ืชื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ื—
ื–ื” ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื‘ืช ืฉื ืฉืจืคืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื–, ืœืžื—ื‘ืช ืฉืžืชื ื”ื’ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉืœ ืžืกืขื“ื”.

ื•ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื›ืœ ืžื—ื‘ืช ืžืฆื•ืคื”, ืžื•ืชืจ ื•ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื›ืœ: ื›ืœื™ ืžืชื›ืช, ืงืจืฆื•ืฃ ืขื ืกืงื•ื˜ืฉ', ืžื“ื™ื— ื›ืœื™ื. ืื™ืŸ ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ืœื”ืจื•ืก, ืื– ืื™ืŸ ืžื” ืœื”ืจื•ืก.

๐Ÿณ
5 ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช
ืžืชื›ืช ืžืœืื”
๐Ÿ‘จโ€๐Ÿณ
ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™
ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคื™ื
๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡น
ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช
ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ืช
โ™พ๏ธ
ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช
ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉื”
ื•ืขื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืฉืคื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื: ื”ื˜ืขื

ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื‘ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืžืกืขื“ื•ืช ืžื‘ืฉืœื•ืช ืจืง ืขืœ ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื”: ื”ื”ืฉื—ืžื”. ืขืœ ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ื ื•ืŸ-ืกื˜ื™ืง ื”ืื•ื›ืœ "ืžืชืื“ื”". ืขืœ ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ื”ื•ื ื ืฆืจื‘, ืžืฉื—ื™ื ื•ืžืคืชื— ืืช ืฉื›ื‘ืช ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื–ื”ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื ืฉืืจืช ื‘ืชื—ืชื™ืช ื”ืžื—ื‘ืช ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœืจื•ื˜ื‘. ื–ื” ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ืฆืœ ื—ื™ื•ื•ืจ ืœืฉื ื™ืฆืœ ืฉืœ ืžืกืขื“ื”. ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”. ืžืชื›ืช ื›ืŸ.

ืกื™ื‘ื” 4 ืžืชื•ืš 5

"ืื‘ืœ ื”ื›ืœ ื ื“ื‘ืง ืœื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื”!" ื‘ื•ืื™ ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื“ื•ื’ืจื™.

ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืขืฆืจ ื’ื ืื•ืชื™. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ื™ืกื™ื ื• ืคืขื ืžื—ื‘ืช ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ื–ื•ืœื” ื•ื—ื“-ืฉื›ื‘ืชื™ืช, ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื” ื ื“ื‘ืงื”, ื•ื ืฉื‘ืขื ื• ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืฉื•ื‘. ืื– ื”ื ื” ื”ืืžืช, ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง:

ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื“ื‘ืงื• ืœืš ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื”. ื”ื™ื ืฉืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืœื™ืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืืช ื”ื˜ืจื™ืง ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืฃ ืœื•ืžื“ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื–ื” ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคืช ื”ืžื™ื: ืžื—ืžืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื—ื‘ืช ื“ืงื”-ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืœื”ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช, ืžื˜ืคื˜ืคื™ื ื›ืžื” ื˜ื™ืคื•ืช ืžื™ื, ื•ื›ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื•ืช "ืœืจืงื•ื“" ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ื— ื›ืžื• ื›ื“ื•ืจื™ ื›ืกืคื™ืช, ื”ืžื—ื‘ืช ืžื•ื›ื ื”. ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืžืขื˜ ืฉืžืŸ, ื•ืžืื•ืชื• ืจื’ืข ื‘ื™ืฆืช ืขื™ืŸ ืžื—ืœื™ืงื” ื›ืžื• ืขืœ ื ื•ืŸ-ืกื˜ื™ืง. ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ืฆื™ืคื•ื™.

ืืคืงื˜ ืœื™ื™ื“ื ืคืจื•ืกื˜ ยท ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ืงืœื™

ื›ืฉื”ืžืฉื˜ื— ื—ื•ืฆื” ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช, ื ื•ืฆืจืช ืฉื›ื‘ืช ืื“ื™ื ื–ืขื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืžืชื›ืช, ื•ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืžืจื—ืฃ ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื™ื“ื‘ืง. ื–ื” ื ื•ืŸ-ืกื˜ื™ืง ืืžื™ืชื™, ืžืคื™ื–ื™ืงื”, ืœื ืžืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ื›ื™ืžื™ ืฉืžืชืงืœืฃ. ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“: 60 ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื™ืžื•ื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.

ื›ื›ื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื”: 4 ืฉืœื‘ื™ื, ื“ืงื” ืื—ืช
1
ืžื—ืžืžื™ื ืจื™ืง. ืžื—ื‘ืช ืจื™ืงื” ื•ื™ื‘ืฉื”, ืœื”ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช (ืœื ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”!), 1โ€“2 ื“ืงื•ืช. ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืžืŸ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ.
2
ืžื˜ืคื˜ืคื™ื ื›ืžื” ื˜ื™ืคื•ืช ืžื™ื. ืžืชืื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื? ืขื•ื“ ืจื’ืข. ืžืชื’ืœื’ืœื•ืช ื•"ืจื•ืงื“ื•ืช" ื›ืžื• ื›ื“ื•ืจื™ ื›ืกืคื™ืช? ื”ืžื—ื‘ืช ืžื•ื›ื ื”.
3
ืžื ื’ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืžืขื˜ ืฉืžืŸ. ื”ืฉืžืŸ ืžืชืคื–ืจ ื—ืœืง ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ื—.
4
ืžื‘ืฉืœื™ื, ื•ืœื ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื“ืงื”. ื‘ื™ืฆื”, ื“ื’ ืื• ืฉื ื™ืฆืœ ืžืฉืชื—ืจืจื™ื ืžืขืฆืžื ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื ื•ืฆืจืช ื”ื”ืฉื—ืžื” ื”ื–ื”ื•ื‘ื”. ื–ื”ื•. ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื”ืกื•ื“.

ื•ื–ื” ื›ืœ "ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ": ื“ืงื” ืฉืœ ื—ื™ืžื•ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉื ื›ื ืก ืœืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืžื—ื‘ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ื›ืœ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืœื—ืžืฉ ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื›ืช ืฉืœ Cookit ื™ืฉ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืืŸ: ืคื™ื–ื•ืจ ื—ื•ื ืื—ื™ื“ ื‘ืœื™ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื—ืžื•ืช, ืฉื–ื” ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื‘ืช ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ื–ื•ืœื” ืฉื ืฉืจืคืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื‘ืช ืฉืžืชื ื”ื’ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉืœ ืžืกืขื“ื”.

ืกื™ื‘ื” 5 ืžืชื•ืš 5

62,000 ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ืจื• ืœ-Cookit. ืืช ืœื ืœื‘ื“.

62,000 ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ืžืจื•ืฆื™ื Cookit

ืจื•ื‘ืŸ ืœื ื™ื“ืขื•. ืจื•ื‘ืŸ ื’ื™ืœื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืื•ืคืŸ. ื’ื ื”ืŸ ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื• ืืช ื”ืืฉืžื”. ื•ื’ื ื”ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื–ื• ืœื ืืฉืžื”, ืืœื ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ. ื•ื’ื ื”ืŸ ืขืฉื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™.

ืฉื™ืจื” ืž.
ืฉื™ืจื” ืž.
ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ยท ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืžืื•ืžืชืช ยท ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื
โ˜… โ˜… โ˜… โ˜… โ˜…
"ืคื—ื“ืชื™ ืžื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื”ื™ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช. ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืืช ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคืช ื”ืžื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื™ืฆืช ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื—ืœื™ืงื” ื›ืžื• ืขืœ ื˜ืคืœื•ืŸ. ืœื ืžืืžื™ื ื” ืฉื—ื™ื›ื™ืชื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ."
ืฉืจื•ืŸ ืค.
ืฉืจื•ืŸ ืค.
ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ยท ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืžืื•ืžืชืช ยท ืœืคื ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ
โ˜… โ˜… โ˜… โ˜… โ˜…
"ื”ืฉื ื™ืฆืœื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืื—ืจืช ืœื’ืžืจื™: ื–ื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ืžืกืขื“ื”, ืœื ื—ื™ื•ื•ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืŸ-ืกื˜ื™ืง ื”ื™ืฉืŸ. ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื”ื›ืœ ื ื›ื ืก ืœืžื“ื™ื—. ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ืžื—ื‘ืช ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืจื•ืก."
ืœื™ืืช ื’.
ืœื™ืืช ื’.
ืจืžืช ื’ืŸ ยท ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืžืื•ืžืชืช ยท ืœืคื ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื
โ˜… โ˜… โ˜… โ˜… โ˜†
"ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืขืฆืžื• ืžืขื•ืœื”, ืžื•ืจื™ื“ื” ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืื—ื“ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืœืงื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉืฆื™ืคื™ืชื™. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• (ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžืืจื– ื”ื–ื•ื’ื™), ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื”ืฉืชืœืžื”. ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื–ืžื ืชื™ ืกื˜ ืžืจื™ื•ืช ืžืชื›ืช, ื›ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ืžื•ืชืจ."

ื”ื ื™ื“ืขื• ื‘-1970. ื•ื‘ื—ืจื• ืœื ืœืกืคืจ ืœืš.

ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘-1970 ืงื™ื‘ืœื” DuPont, ื™ืฆืจื ื™ืช ื”ื˜ืคืœื•ืŸ, ืžื—ืงืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉื”ืจืื” ืฉื—ื•ืžืจื™ PFAS ืžืกื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืžื›ื•ืจ. ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืฉื ื—ืฉืคื• ื‘-2023 ื”ืจืื• ืืช ืื•ืชื” ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืฉื”ื›ืจื ื• ืžืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืง: ื™ื“ืขื•, ื”ืกืชื™ืจื•, ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื•. ื•ื–ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื–ื” ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื™ืš, ื•ืœื ื ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืืจื™ื–ื”.

ื•ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื? ื”ืžื˜ื‘ื—ื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ืขื‘ื“. ืžืชื›ืช, ื‘ืœื™ ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ื™ื. ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ืœืžื” ืœืงื— ืœื ื•, ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืฃ ื™ื“ืข.

EPA ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ยท ืขืžื“ื” ืจืฉืžื™ืช, 2023 โ† ืงืจืื™ ืืช ื”ืขืžื“ื” ื”ืจืฉืžื™ืช

ื”-EPA ืงื‘ืข ืฉื—ื•ืžืจื™ PFAS ืžืกื•ื•ื’ื™ื ื›"ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื ืขืžื™ื“ื™ื": ื”ื ืœื ืžืชืคืจืงื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืœื ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”. ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ ื•ื›ืžื” ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื ื•ืงืฉื•ืช.

Consumer Reports ยท ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืจืฉืžื™ืช โ† ืงืจืื™ ืืช ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื”

ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ "ื ื™ืงื•ื™ ืจืขืœื™ื ืžื”ืžื˜ื‘ื—" ืฉืœ Consumer Reports ื•ื”ื’ืจื“ื™ืืŸ, ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ืžื•ื’ื“ืจืช ื›ืื—ื“ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื•ืœืื—ืกื•ืŸ ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœืžื™ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžืฆื™ืคื•ื™ื™ ื”ื˜ืคืœื•ืŸ.

ืืช ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื“ืขืช. ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืืจื™ื–ื”. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืขื ื–ื”.

ื˜ืคืœื•ืŸ, ืงืจืžื™, ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื”. ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™.

ื˜ืคืœื•ืŸ ืงืจืžื™ Cookit ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื”
ืœืœื ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ื›ื™ืžื™ โœ— โœ— โœ“
ืœืœื PFAS ื•-PTFE โœ— ~ โœ“
ืœื ืžืชืงืœืฃ ืœืขื•ืœื โœ— โœ— โœ“
ืžื•ืชืจ ื›ืœื™ ืžืชื›ืช ื•ืงืจืฆื•ืฃ โœ— โœ— โœ“
ื”ืฉื—ืžื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช (ื˜ืขื ืฉืœ ืžืกืขื“ื”) โœ— โœ— โœ“
ืขืžื™ื“ ืœืžื“ื™ื— ื›ืœื™ื ~ โœ— โœ“
ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื˜ื‘ื—ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื โœ— โœ— โœ“
ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ืžื“ื•ืจ ืœื“ื•ืจ โœ— โœ— โœ“
ืœืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžืืจื– ื”ื–ื•ื’ื™ ยท ื”ื—ืœ ืž-โ‚ช449 โ†
60 ื™ื•ื ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ยท ืžืฉืœื•ื— ื—ื™ื ื ยท ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืงืจื•ื? ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืœืžื˜ื” โ†“

ื›ืžื” ื‘ืืžืช ืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœืš ื”ืžื—ื‘ืชื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืคื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš 10 ืฉื ื™ื?

ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืืžื”ื•ืช ืœื ืขื•ืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื”. ื›ืฉืขื•ืฉื•ืช ืื•ืชื•, ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžืฉืชื ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืชื™ ืžื—ื‘ืชื•ืช (ืงื˜ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืฆื™ื, ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœืฉื ื™ืฆืœื™ื).

2 ืžื—ื‘ืชื•ืช ื˜ืคืœื•ืŸ / ืงืจืžื™
ืžืืจื– ื–ื•ื’ื™ Cookit ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื”
โ‚ช400
ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืœื–ื•ื’
ื”ื—ืœืคื” ื›ืœ 1-2 ืฉื ื™ื
โ‚ช449
ืคืขื ืื—ืช. ืฉืชื™ ืžื—ื‘ืชื•ืช
โ‚ช2,400+
ืขืœื•ืช ื‘-10 ืฉื ื™ื
ืœืขื•ืžืช
โ‚ช449
ืขืœื•ืช ื‘-10 ืฉื ื™ื
ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืžืขื˜ โ‚ช2,000 ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ. ื•ืžื—ื‘ืช ืžืฆื•ืคื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ืจืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืœืื•ื›ืœ. ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ืœื. ืฉืชื™ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื—ื“ ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืคืฉื•ื˜ื”.

ืžื” ืฉืืžื”ื•ืช ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉื•ืืœื•ืช.

ื–ื• ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืขื ื™ื ื• ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืžืืžืจ (ืกื™ื‘ื” 4). ื‘ืงืฆืจื”: ืžื—ืžืžื™ื ื“ืงื”, ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคืช ื”ืžื™ื, ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืžืขื˜ ืฉืžืŸ, ื•ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืžื—ืœื™ืง. ื–ื” ื”ื˜ืจื™ืง ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืฃ ืœื•ืžื“ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ืขื 5 ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื›ืช ืฉืžืคื–ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื ืื—ื™ื“, ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช. ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื”ืฉืฃ ื”ืžืœื ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžื ื”.
ืœืจื•ื‘, ืœื. ืžื—ืงืจ Ecology Center 2024 ืžืฆื ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืชื•ืช "ืœืœื PFOA" ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื›ื™ืœื•ืช PTFE. "ืœืœื PFOA" ืœื ืื•ืžืจ "ืœืœื PFAS". ื‘ืžื—ื‘ืช ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœ. ืื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืงืœืฃ ืœืื•ื›ืœ.
ื”ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช. ืžื—ื‘ืช ื–ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืช ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ืื—ืช ื“ืงื”: ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื—ื•ื, ืื•ื›ืœ ืฉื ืฉืจืฃ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื•ื ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ืฆื“ื“ื™ื. ืžื—ื‘ืช Cookit ื‘ื ื•ื™ื” ืž-5 ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืžืชื›ืช ืžืœืื•ืช ืขื ืœื™ื‘ืช ืืœื•ืžื™ื ื™ื•ื, ื›ืžื• ื”ืžื—ื‘ืชื•ืช ืฉืžืกืขื“ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืื™ืชืŸ: ื—ื•ื ืื—ื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ื—. ื–ื” ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ "ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ื•ื ื›ื•ื•ื™ืชื™" ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื‘ืช ืฉืžืชื ื”ื’ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉืœ ืฉืฃ.
ื›ืŸ ื•ื›ืŸ, ื•ื–ื” ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืื™ืŸ ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืจื•ื˜, ืื– ืžื•ืชืจ ืžืจื™ืช ืžืชื›ืช, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืงืจืฆืฃ ืขื ืกืงื•ื˜ืฉ', ื•ืžื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ื— ื›ืœื™ื. ื ื“ื‘ืง ืžืฉื”ื•? ืกืคื•ื’ ื•ืžืขื˜ ืžื™ื ื—ืžื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืขืงืฉื ื™ื™ื: ืœื”ืจืชื™ื— ืžืขื˜ ืžื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื‘ืช ื•ืœื’ืจื“. ื”ื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื—ื“ืฉื”.
ื›ืŸ. ืžื—ื‘ืช ื”ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ืฉืœ Cookit ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื›ื™ืจื™ื™ื: ื’ื–, ื—ืฉืžืœ, ืงืจืžื™ ื•ืื™ื ื“ื•ืงืฆื™ื”, ื•ื’ื ื‘ืชื ื•ืจ.
ืขื“ 14 ื™ืžื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ. ืžืฉืœื•ื— ื—ื™ื ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžื ื”.

ืงื˜ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืฆื™ื. ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœืฉื ื™ืฆืœื™ื. ื›ื›ื” ืžืกืขื“ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช, ื•ื›ื›ื” ื’ื ืžื˜ื‘ื— ืืžื™ืชื™.

ืืฃ ืฉืฃ ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื ืžื—ื‘ืช ืื—ืช. ื‘ื™ืฆืช ืขื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืžื—ื‘ืช ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืžืชื—ืžืžืช ืžื”ืจ; ืฉื ื™ืฆืœื™ื, ื“ื’ื™ื ื•ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื˜ื—. ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ืžืืจื– ืฉืœ Cookit ืžื’ื™ืข ื–ื•ื’ื™: ืฉืชื™ ืžื—ื‘ืชื•ืช, ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืื—ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช:

๐Ÿณ
ื”ืžื—ื‘ืช ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ยท ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ
ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื, ื—ื‘ื™ืชื•ืช, ืคื ืงื™ื™ืงื™ื, ื—ื™ืžื•ื ืžื”ื™ืจ. ื–ื• ืฉืชืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื™ืจื™ื™ื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื.
๐Ÿฅฉ
ื”ืžื—ื‘ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ยท ืฉืœ ื”ืขืจื‘
ืฉื ื™ืฆืœื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช, ื“ื’ ืฉืœื, ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืฆืœื•ื™ื™ื, ืจื•ื˜ื‘ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”. ื”ื”ืฉื—ืžื” ื”ื–ื”ื•ื‘ื” ืงื•ืจื™ืช ื›ืืŸ.
ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืงื•ืžื‘ื™ื ืฆื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื”: 22+26 ืก"ืž (โ‚ช449) ยท 22+30 ืก"ืž (โ‚ช499) ยท 26+30 ืก"ืž (โ‚ช549). ื–ื•ื’ ืžื—ื‘ืชื•ืช ืžืฆื•ืคื•ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืขืจืš ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื. ืืœื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื•ืช ื“ื•ืจื•ืช.

60 ื™ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœืš. ืœื ืื”ื‘ืช? ื›ืกืฃ ื—ื–ืจื”.

๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ
60 ื™ื•ื ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช
ืชื‘ืฉืœื™ ืื™ืชื” 60 ื™ื•ื. ืชืขืฉื™ ืืช ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคืช ื”ืžื™ื, ืชื›ื™ื ื™ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ืฆืœ ื”ื–ื”ื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ืื ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ ืืช ืœื ืžืจื•ืฆื”, ืชื—ื–ื™ืจื™ ื•ืชืงื‘ืœื™ ืืช ื›ืกืคืš ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”. ืœืœื ืฉืืœื•ืช, ืœืœื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”.
โญ
ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื™ืฆืจืŸ 2 ืฉื ื™ื
ื›ืœ ืžื—ื‘ืช Cookit ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืœืื” ืœืฉื ืชื™ื™ื. ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ื”, ื ื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”.
๐ŸŽ
ื‘ื•ื ื•ืก: "ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื”ืฉืฃ" ยท ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคืช ื”ืžื™ื
ืœื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžื ื” ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื”ืฉืฃ: ืื™ืš ืœื—ืžื ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืžืชื™ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืช ืžื•ื›ื ื”, ื•ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืฆืช ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœืš ืžื—ืœื™ืงื” ื›ืžื• ื‘ืžืกืขื“ื”. ืชื•ืš ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ืื—ื“ ืืช ืฉื•ืœื˜ืช ื‘ื–ื”.
ืžื—ื‘ืช ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช Cookit
ืžื—ื‘ืช ื ื™ืจื•ืกื˜ื” ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช ยท 5 ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ยท Cookit
ื”ืžื—ื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื˜ื‘ื—ื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœืš.
ืžืืจื– ื–ื•ื’ื™ 1+1: ืงื˜ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืฆื™ื, ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœืฉื ื™ืฆืœื™ื.
ืœืœื ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ื™ื. ืœืœื ืคืฉืจื•ืช. ื”ื—ืœ ืž-โ‚ช449 ืœื–ื•ื’.
60 ื™ื•ื ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ยท ืžืฉืœื•ื— ื—ื™ื ื.

ื–ื” ืœื ืžืื•ื—ืจ. ื–ื• ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”. ืืœืคื™ ืืžื”ื•ืช ืขืฉื• ืื•ืชื” ืœืคื ื™ื™ืš, ื•ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืื•ืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ืจืง ืžืฆื˜ืขืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื” ืžื•ืงื“ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.

"ื‘ื™ืฆืช ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื—ืœื™ืงื” ื›ืžื• ืขืœ ื˜ืคืœื•ืŸ" ยท ืฉื™ืจื” ืž., ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘
Cookit ยท ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœืžื˜ื‘ื— ื‘ืœื™ ืฆื™ืคื•ื™ื™ื ยท 62,000 ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช
ืชื‘ืฉืœื™ ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืกืขื“ื•ืช ืžื‘ืฉืœื•ืช โ†
โœ“ ืžืืจื– ื–ื•ื’ื™ 1+1 โœ“ ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื”ืฉืฃ ื‘ืžืชื ื” โœ“ ืžืฉืœื•ื— ื—ื™ื ื โœ“ 60 ื™ื•ื ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช โœ“ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช 2 ืฉื ื™ื